Mercurial > hgsubversion
annotate hgsubversion/help/subversion.rst @ 1602:6a6ce9d9da35 default tip
compathacks: make memfilectx construction compatible with hg5.0
'copied' in memfilectx was renamed to 'copysource' in 550a172a603b9ed in core
mercurial.
author | Pulkit Goyal <pulkit@yandex-team.ru> |
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date | Fri, 19 Apr 2019 16:28:39 +0300 |
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1 Basic Use |
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2 --------- |
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3 |
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4 Converting a Subversion repository to Mercurial with hgsubversion is done by |
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5 cloning it. Subversion repositories are specified using the same, regular URL |
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6 syntax that Subversion uses. hgsubversion accepts URIs such as the following:: |
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7 |
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8 http://user:sekrit@example.com/repo |
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9 https://user@example.com/repo |
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10 svn://example.com/repo |
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11 svn+ssh://example.com/repo |
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12 file:///tmp/repo |
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13 |
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14 In the case of the two first schemas, HTTP and HTTPS, the repository is first |
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15 treated as a Mercurial repository, and a Subversion pull attempted should it |
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16 fail. As this can be particularly annoying for repositories that require |
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17 authentication, such repositories may also specified using a svn+http or |
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18 svn+https schema. |
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19 |
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20 To create a new Mercurial clone, you can use a command such as the following:: |
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21 |
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22 $ hg clone <repository URI> [destination] |
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23 |
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24 Or with a real example:: |
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25 |
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26 $ hg clone http://python-nose.googlecode.com/svn nose-hg |
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27 |
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28 Please note that there are two slightly different ways of cloning repositories: |
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29 |
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30 The most common desire is to have the full history of a repository, including |
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31 all its tags and branches. In such cases you should clone from one level above |
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32 trunk, as in the example above. This is known as `standard layout`, and works |
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33 with repositories that use the conventional ``trunk``, ``tags`` and ``branches`` |
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34 directories. By default, hgsubversion will use this layout whenever it finds any |
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35 of these directories at the specified directory on the server. Standard layout |
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36 also supports alternate names for the ``branches`` directory and multiple tags |
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37 locations. Finally, Standard Layout supports selecting a subdirectory relative |
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38 to ``trunk``, and each branch and tag dir. This is useful if you have a single |
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39 ``trunk``, ``branches``, and ``tags`` with several projects inside, and you wish |
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40 to import only a single project. |
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41 |
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42 If you instead want to clone just a single directory or branch, clone the |
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43 specific directory path. In the example above, to get *only* trunk, you would |
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44 issue ``hg clone http://python-nose.googlecode.com/svn/trunk nose-trunk``. This |
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45 works with any directory with a Subversion repository, and is known as a single |
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46 directory clone. Normally, converted changesets will be marked as belonging to |
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47 the ``default`` branch, but this can be changed by using the ``-b/--branch`` |
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48 option. To force single directory clone, use hgsubversion.layout option (see |
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49 below for detailed help) :: |
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50 |
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51 $ hg clone --layout single svn+http://python-nose.googlecode.com/svn nose-hg |
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52 |
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53 Finally, if you want to clone two or more directores as separate |
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54 branches, use the custom layout. See the documentation below for the |
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55 ``hgsubversionbranch.*`` configuration for detailed help. |
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56 |
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57 Pulling new revisions into an already-converted repository is the same |
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58 as from any other Mercurial source. Within the first example above, |
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59 the following three commands are all equivalent:: |
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60 |
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61 $ hg pull |
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62 $ hg pull default |
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63 $ hg pull http://python-nose.googlecode.com/svn |
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64 |
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65 Sometimes, past repository history is of little or no interest, and |
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66 all one wants is to start from today and work forward. Using |
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67 ``--startrev HEAD`` causes the initial clone to only convert the |
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68 latest revision; later pulls will convert all subsequent |
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69 revisions. Please note that this only works for single-directory |
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70 clones:: |
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71 |
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72 $ hg clone --startrev HEAD http://python-nose.googlecode.com/svn/trunk nose-hg |
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73 |
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74 Finding and displaying Subversion revisions |
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75 ------------------------------------------- |
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76 |
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77 For revealing the relationship between Mercurial changesets and |
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78 Subversion revisions, hgsubversion provides three template keywords: |
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79 |
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80 :svnrev: Expanded to the original Subversion revision number. |
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81 :svnpath: The path within the repository that the changeset represents. |
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82 :svnuuid: The Universally Unique Identifier of the Subversion repository. |
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83 |
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84 An example:: |
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85 |
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86 $ hg log --template='{rev}:{node|short} {author|user}\nsvn: {svnrev}\n' |
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87 |
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88 For finding changesets from Subversion, hgsubversion extends revsets |
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89 to provide two new selectors: |
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90 |
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91 :fromsvn: Select changesets that originate from Subversion. Takes no |
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92 arguments. |
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93 :svnrev: Select changesets that originate in a specific Subversion |
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94 revision. Takes a revision argument. |
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95 |
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96 For example:: |
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97 |
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98 $ hg log -r 'fromsvn()' |
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99 $ hg log -r 'svnrev(500)' |
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100 |
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101 See ``hg help revsets`` for details. |
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102 |
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103 Support for externals |
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104 --------------------- |
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105 |
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106 Subversion externals conversion is implemented for standard layouts. |
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107 |
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108 Using .hgsvnexternals (default mode) |
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109 ==================================== |
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110 |
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111 .hgsvnexternals has been implemented before Mercurial supported proper |
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112 subrepositories. Externals as subrepositories should now be preferred |
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113 as they offer almost all .hgsvnexternals features with the benefit of |
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114 a better integration with Mercurial commands. |
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115 |
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116 ``svn:externals`` properties are serialized into a single |
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117 ``.hgsvnexternals`` file having the following syntax:: |
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118 |
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119 [.] |
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120 common1 http://path/to/external/svn/repo1 |
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121 ...additional svn:externals properties lines... |
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122 [dir2] |
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123 common2 -r123 http://path/to/external/svn/repo2 |
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124 ...additional svn:externals properties lines... |
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125 |
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126 A header line in brackets specifies the directory the property applies |
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127 to, where '.' indicates the project root directory. The property content |
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128 follows the header, with every content line being prefixed by a single |
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129 space. Note that the property lines have a format identical to |
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130 svn:externals properties as used in Subversion, and do not support the |
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131 hgsubversion extended svn+http:// URL format. |
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132 |
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133 Issuing the command ``hg svn updateexternals`` with the ``.hgsvnexternals`` |
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134 example above would fetch the latest revision of `repo1` into the subdirectory |
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135 `./common1`, and revision 123 of `repo2` into `dir2/common2`. Note that |
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136 ``.hgsvnexternals`` must be tracked by Mercurial before this will work. If |
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137 ``.hgsvnexternals`` is created or changed, it |
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138 will not be pushed to the related Subversion repository, but its |
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139 contents **will** be used to update ``svn:externals`` properties on the |
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140 related Subversion repository. |
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141 |
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142 Alternatively, one can use the ``hgsubversion.externals`` in hgrc to |
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143 specify ``subrepos`` as the externals mode. In this mode, ``.hgsub`` |
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144 and ``.hgsubstate`` files will be used instead of |
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145 ``.hgsvnexternals``. |
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146 |
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147 |
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148 Using Subrepositories |
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149 ===================== |
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150 |
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151 Set: |
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152 |
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153 [hgsubversion] |
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154 externals = subrepos |
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155 |
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156 to enable this mode. |
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157 |
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158 ``svn:externals`` properties are serialized into the subrepositories |
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159 metadata files, ``.hgsub`` and ``.hgsubstate``. The following |
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160 ``svn:externals`` entry: |
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161 |
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162 -r23 ^/externals/project1 deps/project1 |
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163 |
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164 set on the "subdir" directory becomes: |
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165 |
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166 (.hgsub) |
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167 subdir/deps/project1 = [hgsubversion] subdir:-r{REV} ^/externals/project1 deps/project1 |
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168 |
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169 (.hgsubstate) |
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170 23 subdir/deps/project1 |
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171 |
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172 At this point everything works like a regular svn subrepository. The |
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173 right part of the .hgsub entry reads like: |
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174 |
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175 TARGETDIR:REWRITTEN_EXTERNAL_DEFINITION |
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176 |
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177 where REWRITTEN_EXTERNAL_DEFINITION is like the original definition |
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178 with the revision identifier replaced with {REV}. |
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179 |
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180 This mode has the following limitations: |
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181 |
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182 * "hgsubversion" subrepositories require hgsubversion extension to be |
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183 available. To operate transparently on ``svn:externals`` we have to |
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184 stay as close as possible to their original property |
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185 format. Besides, relative externals require a parent subversion |
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186 repository to be resolved while stock Mercurial only supports |
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187 absolute subversion paths. |
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188 |
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189 * Leading or trailing whitespaces in the external definitions are lost |
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190 |
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191 * Leading or trailing whitespaces in the target directory are lost |
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192 |
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193 * The external definition should not contain {REV} |
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194 |
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195 * Unversioned definitions are pulled but the behaviour upon |
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196 update/merge is not clearly defined. We tried to preserve the |
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197 .hgsubstate as "HEAD" but the subrepository will probably not be |
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198 updated when the hg repository is updated. Given subrepositories |
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199 were designed not to support unversioned dependencies, this is |
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200 unlikely to be fixed. |
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201 |
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202 * .hgsub and .hgsubstate are currently overwritten and |
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203 non-[hgsubversion] subrepos entries are lost. This could be fixed by |
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204 editing these files more carefully. |
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205 |
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206 Limitations |
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207 ----------- |
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208 |
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209 Currently, pushing to Subversion destroys the original changesets and replaces |
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210 them with new ones converted from the resulting commits. Due to the intricacies |
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211 of Subversion semantics, these converted changesets may differ in subtle ways |
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212 from the original Mercurial changesets. For example, the commit date almost |
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213 always changes. This makes hgsubversion unsuitable for use as a two-way bridge. |
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214 |
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215 When converting from Subversion, hgsubversion does not recognize merge-info, and |
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216 does not create merges based on it. Similarly, Mercurial merges cannot be pushed |
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217 to Subversion. |
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218 |
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219 Changesets that create tags cannot be pushed to Subversion, as support for |
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220 creating Subversion tags has not yet been implemented. |
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221 |
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222 Standard layout does not work with repositories that use unconventional |
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223 layouts. Thus, only single directory clones can be made of such repositories. |
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224 |
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225 When interacting with Subversion, hgsubversion relies on information about the |
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226 previously converted changesets. This information will not be updated if pushing |
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227 or pulling converted changesets to or from any other source. To regenerate the |
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228 stored metadata, run ``hg svn rebuildmeta [URI]``. This must also be done if any |
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229 converted changesets are ever removed from the repository. |
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230 |
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231 Under certain circumstances a long-running conversion can leak substantial |
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232 amounts of memory, on the order of 100MB per 1000 converted revisions. The |
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233 leaks appear to be persistent and unavoidable using the SWIG bindings. When |
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234 using the new experimental Subvertpy bindings, leaks have only been observed |
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235 accessing FSFS repositories over the file protocol. |
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236 |
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237 Should the initial clone fail with an error, Mercurial will delete the entire |
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238 repository, including any revisions successfully converted. This can be |
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239 particularly undesirable for long-running clones. In these cases, we suggest |
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240 using the ``-r/--rev`` option to only clone a few revisions initially. After |
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241 that, an ``hg pull`` in the cloned repository will be perfectly safe. |
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242 |
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243 It is not possible to interact with more than one Subversion repository per |
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244 Mercurial clone. Please note that this also applies to more than one path within |
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245 the same Subversion repository. |
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246 |
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247 Mercurial does not track directories, and as a result, any empty directories |
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248 in Subversion cannot be represented in the resulting Mercurial repository. |
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249 |
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250 Externals support requires that the ``svn`` command line utility is available. |
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251 In addition, externals support has been disabled for single directory clones, |
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252 due to known bugs. |
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253 |
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254 Advanced Configuration |
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255 ---------------------- |
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256 |
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257 The operation of hgsubversion can be customized by the following configuration |
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258 settings: |
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259 |
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260 ``hgsubversion.authormap`` |
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261 |
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262 Path to a file for mapping usernames from Subversion to Mercurial. For |
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263 example:: |
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264 |
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265 joe = Joe User <joe@example.com> |
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266 |
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267 Some Subversion conversion tools create revisions without |
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268 specifying an author. Such author names are mapped to ``(no |
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269 author)``, similar to how ``svn log`` will display them. |
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270 |
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271 ``hgsubversion.defaulthost`` |
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272 |
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273 This option specifies the hostname to append to unmapped Subversion |
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274 usernames. The default is to append the UUID of the Subversion repository |
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275 as a hostname. That is, an author of ``bob`` may be mapped to |
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276 ``bob@0b1d8996-7ded-4192-9199-38e2bec458fb``. |
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277 |
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278 If this option set to an empty string, the Subversion authors will be used |
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279 with no hostname component. |
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280 |
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281 ``hgsubversion.defaultmessage`` |
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282 |
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283 This option selects what to substitute for an empty log |
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284 message. The default is to substitute three dots, or ``...``. |
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285 |
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286 ``hgsubversion.defaultauthors`` |
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287 |
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288 Setting this boolean option to false will cause hgsubversion to abort a |
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289 conversion if a revision has an author not listed in the author map. |
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290 |
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291 ``hgsubversion.branch`` |
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292 |
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293 Mark converted changesets as belonging to this branch or, if unspecified, |
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294 ``default``. Please note that this option is not supported for standard |
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295 layout clones. |
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296 |
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297 ``hgsubversion.branchmap`` |
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298 |
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299 Path to a file for changing branch names during the conversion from |
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300 Subversion to Mercurial. |
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301 |
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302 ``hgsubversion.branchdir`` |
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303 |
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304 Specifies the subdirectory to look for branches under. The |
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305 default is ``branches``. This option has no effect for |
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306 single-directory clones. |
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307 |
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308 ``hgsubversion.infix`` |
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309 |
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310 Specifies a path to strip between relative to the trunk/branch/tag |
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311 root as the mercurial root. This can be used to import a single |
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312 sub-project when you have several sub-projects under a single |
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313 trunk/branches/tags layout in subversion. |
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314 |
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315 ``hgsubversion.filemap`` |
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316 |
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317 Path to a file for filtering files during the conversion. Files may either |
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318 be included or excluded. See the documentation for ``hg convert`` for more |
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319 information on filemaps. |
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320 |
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321 ``hgsubversion.filestoresize`` |
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322 |
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323 Maximum amount of temporary edited files data to be kept in memory, |
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324 in megabytes. The replay and stupid mode pull data by retrieving |
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325 delta information from the subversion repository and applying it on |
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326 known files data. Since the order of file edits is driven by the |
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327 subversion delta information order, edited files cannot be committed |
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328 immediately and are kept until all of them have been processed for |
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329 each changeset. ``filestoresize`` defines the maximum amount of |
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330 files data to be kept in memory before falling back to storing them |
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331 in a temporary directory. This setting is important with |
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332 repositories containing many files or large ones as both the |
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333 application of deltas and Mercurial commit process require the whole |
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334 file data to be available in memory. By limiting the amount of |
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335 temporary data kept in memory, larger files can be retrieved, at the |
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336 price of slower disk operations. Set it to a negative value to |
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337 disable the fallback behaviour and keep everything in memory. |
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338 Default to 200. |
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339 |
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340 ``hgsubversion.username``, ``hgsubversion.password`` |
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341 |
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342 Set the username or password for accessing Subversion repositories. |
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343 |
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344 ``hgsubversion.password_stores`` |
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345 |
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346 List of methods to use for storing passwords (similar to the option of the |
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347 same name in the subversion configuration files). Default is |
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348 ``gnome_keyring,keychain,kwallet,windows``. Password stores can be disabled |
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349 completely by setting this to an empty value. |
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350 |
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351 .. NOTE:: |
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352 |
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353 Password stores are only supported with the SWIG bindings. |
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354 |
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355 ``hgsubversion.revmapimpl`` |
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356 |
1546 | 357 Set the revision map implementation. Default is ``plain``, which works |
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358 well for small repos. ``sqlite`` is a sqlite based implementation that |
1546 | 359 works better for large repos with a lot of revisions. |
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360 |
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361 If it is set to an implementation different from what the repo is using, |
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362 a migration will run automatically when the revision map is accessed. |
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363 |
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364 ``hgsubversion.sqlitepragmas`` |
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365 |
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366 A list of sqlite PRAGMA statements to tweak sqlite. Each item should be |
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367 in the format ``key=value`` without ``PRAGMA``, or spaces, or quotation |
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368 marks. Refer to https://www.sqlite.org/pragma.html for possible options. |
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369 |
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370 For example, setting it to ``synchronous=0, journal_mode=memory`` will |
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371 give you better performance at the cost of possible database corruption. |
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372 |
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373 ``hgsubversion.stupid`` |
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374 Setting this boolean option to true will force using a slower method for |
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375 pulling revisions from Subversion. This method is compatible with servers |
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376 using very old versions of Subversion, and hgsubversion falls back to it |
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377 when necessary. |
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378 |
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379 ``hgsubversion.externals`` |
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380 Set to ``subrepos`` to switch to subrepos-based externals support. Default |
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381 is ``svnexternals``, which uses a custom hgsubversion-specific format and |
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382 works on older versions of Mercurial. Use ``ignore`` to avoid converting |
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383 externals. |
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384 |
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385 The following options only have an effect on the initial clone of a repository: |
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386 |
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387 ``hgsubversion.layout`` |
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388 |
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389 Set the layout of the repository. ``standard`` assumes a normal |
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390 trunk/branches/tags layout. ``single`` means that the entire |
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391 repository is converted into a single branch. The default, |
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392 ``auto``, causes hgsubversion to assume a standard layout if any |
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393 of trunk, branches, or tags exist within the specified directory |
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394 on the server. ``custom`` causes hgsubversion to read the |
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395 ``hgsubversionbranch`` config section to determine the repository |
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396 layout. |
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397 |
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398 ``hgsubversion.startrev`` |
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399 |
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400 Convert Subversion revisions starting at the one specified, either an |
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401 integer revision or ``HEAD``; ``HEAD`` causes only the latest revision to be |
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402 pulled. The default is to pull everything. |
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403 |
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404 ``hgsubversion.tagpaths`` |
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405 |
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406 Specifies one or more paths in the Subversion repository that |
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407 contain tags. The default is to only look in ``tags``. This option has no |
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408 effect for single-directory clones. |
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409 |
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410 ``hgsubversion.unsafeskip`` |
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411 |
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412 A space or comma separated list of Subversion revision numbers to |
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413 skip over when pulling or cloning. This can be useful for |
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414 troublesome commits, such as someone accidentally deleting trunk |
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415 and then restoring it. (In delete-and-restore cases, you may also |
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416 need to clone or pull in multiple steps, to help hgsubversion |
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417 track history correctly.) |
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418 |
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419 NOTE: this option is dangerous. Careless use can make it |
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420 impossible to pull later Subversion revisions cleanly, e.g. if the |
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421 content of a file depends on changes made in a skipped rev. |
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422 Skipping a rev may also prevent future invocations of ``hg svn |
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423 verify`` from succeeding (if the contents of the Mercurial repo |
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424 become out of step with the contents of the Subversion repo). If |
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425 you use this option, be sure to carefully check the result of a |
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426 pull afterwards. |
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427 |
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428 ``hgsubversionbranch.*`` |
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429 |
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430 Use this config section with the custom layout to specify a cusomt |
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431 mapping of subversion path to Mercurial branch. This is useful if |
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432 your layout is substantially different from the standard |
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433 trunk/branches/tags layout and/or you are only interested in a few |
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434 branches. |
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435 |
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436 Example config that pulls in trunk as the default branch, |
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437 personal/alice as the alice branch, and releases/2.0/2.7 as |
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438 release-2.7:: |
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439 |
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440 [hgsubversionbranch] |
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441 default = trunk |
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442 alice = personal/alice |
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443 release-2.7 = releases/2.0/2.7 |
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444 |
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445 Note that it is an error to specify more than one branch for a |
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446 given path, or to sepecify nested paths (e.g. releases/2.0 and |
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447 releases/2.0/2.7) |
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448 |
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449 Please note that some of these options may be specified as command line options |
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450 as well, and when done so, will override the configuration. If an authormap, |
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451 filemap or branchmap is specified, its contents will be read and stored for use |
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452 in future pulls. |
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453 |
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454 Finally, the following environment variables can be used for testing a |
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455 deployment of hgsubversion: |
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456 |
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457 ``HGSUBVERSION_BINDINGS`` |
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458 |
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459 By default, hgsubversion will use Subvertpy, but fall back to the SWIG |
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460 bindings. Set this variable to either ``SWIG`` or ``Subvertpy`` (case- |
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461 insensitive) to force that set of bindings. |